
A | 科学家在《当前生物学》杂志上刚刚发表了一篇名为“在实验室中合作以及在野外维持社交网络的吸血蝙蝠”的研究论文。他们对普通吸血蝙蝠(Desmodus rotundus)进行22个月的人工饲养及随后的追踪测试。该研究包括对从“大空心树”中选择的大约23只雌性吸血蝙蝠进行的测试,以及在野外的大约200只吸血蝙蝠。 Representatives from China and the United States participated in a dialogue on Tuesday in Beijing, where they called for joint efforts to translate the consensus reached by the two countries' heads of state into concrete action and tangible results, while also suggesting expansion of practical cooperation across a number of fields. They highlighted mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation as key to keeping bilateral ties on a stable track, while stressing the need for the two countries to jointly address global challenges and bring greater stability to the world. The gathering was the third China-U.S. Track 1.5 Dialogue, jointly launched in October 2023 by the International Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Asia Society as a platform connecting representatives from politics, strategy, business, academics, civil society and youth in both countries. In May, President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Donald Trump agreed to make the building of a constructive China-U.S. relationship of strategic stability the new positioning for bilateral ties, providing strategic guidance for the relationship over the next three years and beyond. John L. Thornton, cochair of the Asia Society Board of Trustees, said Xi and Trump are both historic figures who know each other well and have a good personal relationship — a combination he described as highly unusual. "I think it's very important that the benefit of that is concrete and seen by the people, both in the United States and in China," Thornton said. He added that the key test was what the new positioning would mean in practice and whether it could produce results. "There are a lot of possibilities for progress, and I'm optimistic that there will be progress," he said. Christopher Nixon Cox, a member of the Richard Nixon Foundation's board of directors and a grandson of former U.S. president Richard Nixon, called the leader-to-leader relationship "the most important thing", saying it gave him confidence about the future of bilateral ties. While acknowledging that China and the U.S. would continue to have differences, Cox said they should seek common ground in the fields of artificial intelligence, agriculture, food security and economic affairs to help build a stable and prosperous world. "There are many things with AI that we can agree on," he said, citing the need to prevent it from harming children. Cox also invoked Nixon's historic visit to China in 1972 as an example of the political courage required on both sides. "There are many lessons from my grandfather's trip to China," he said. "One is that nothing happens without courage." Liu Haixing, minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, said that a stable China-U.S. relationship was in itself the greatest contribution to world peace and development. Liu called for expanding common interests, rejecting zero-sum thinking, managing differences through clear policy signals, and upholding the bottom line of no conflict and no confrontation. Competition between major countries is normal, he said, but that should not define the entire relationship, emphasizing that it should be a healthy and positive race rather than a life-or-death gladiatorial contest. A zero-sum approach, he added, would distort market rules, disrupt global industrial cooperation and undermine market confidence. Craig Allen, former president of the U.S.-China Business Council and a nonresident senior fellow at the Asia Society Policy Institute's Center for China Analysis, said that both governments needed to follow the common framework agreed upon by the two leaders. He said maintaining an open trade and investment environment was critical to achieving the two leaders' goals. Warning that decoupling would "make us both poorer" and that "neither side can afford to decouple", Allen described the Chinese and U.S. economies as "the two engines of growth in the global economy", saying robust growth in both was essential to global stability. Sean Stein, president of the U.S.-China Business Council, said that China's importance to U.S. companies extended well beyond the size of its market. "Think of China not as a market but as a platform. That's what's important," Stein said. China's technological ecosystem, the partnerships companies form and the experience they gain there help shape products and business processes used in other markets, he added. The council's 2026 member survey found that 95 percent of respondents viewed their China operations as at least somewhat important to staying globally competitive. "China is a really important part of global competitiveness for American companies," Stein said.
。在收集上述蝙蝠的数据之前,科学家们记录了在野外栖息的蝙蝠之间的社交合作的观察结果。

B | 他们测量了每只蝙蝠与另一只蝙蝠之间的接近程度,并利用皮尔逊相关系数呈现结果。

C | 平均数显示了关联的三个要素:亲属关系(血缘关系),梳理行为和分享食物。一旦将蝙蝠释放到野外,研究人员就使用定制的高分辨率传感器对其进行跟踪。使用在所有这些时期收集的数据,研究人员表明,圈养的吸血蝙蝠之间的合作关系可以预测它们野外栖息地的距离。

D | 根据这项研究(以及以往的类似数据研究),“甚至在控制亲属关系的情况下”,食物共享和社交梳理行为也是相互关联和对称的。
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